The Khufu ship is one of the oldest, largest, and
best-preserved vessels from antiquity. It measures 43.6 m (143 ft)
long and 5.9 m(19.5 ft) wide.
It was thus identified as the world's oldest intact
ship and has been described as "a masterpiece of woodcraft" that could
sail today if put into water. However, the vessel may not have been designed for
sailing (no rigging) or paddling (no room).
The ship was one of two rediscovered
in 1954 by Kamalel-Mallakh – undisturbed since it was sealed into a pit carved
out of the Giza bedrock. It was built largely of Lebanon cedar planking in
the"shell-first" construction technique, using unpegged tenons of
Christ'sthorn. The ship was built with a flat bottom composed of several
planks, but noactual keel, with the planks and frames lashed together with
Halfah grass, and has been reconstructed from 1,224 pieces which had been laid
in a logical,disassembled order in the pit beside the pyramid. It took years for the boat to be painstakingly
reassembled, primarily by the Egyptian Department of Antiquities’ chief
restorer, Ahmed Youssef Moustafa(later known as Haj Ahmed Youssef).
The history and function of the ship are not precisely
known. It is of the type known as a "solar barge", a ritual vessel to
carry there surrected king with the sun god Ra across the heavens. However, it
bears some signs of having been used in water, and it is possible that the ship
was either a funerary "barge" used to carry the king's embalmed body
from Memphis to Giza, or even that Khufu himself used it as a
"pilgrimage ship" to visit holy places and that it was then buried for
him to use in the afterlife.
The Khufu ship has been on display to the public in a
specially built museum at the Giza pyramid complex since 1982. Its discovery was
described as one ofthe greatest Ancient Egyptian discoveries in Zahi Hawass's
documentary Egypt's Ten Greatest Discoveries.
The ship is housed in the The Khufu Boat Museum, a
small modern facility resting alongside the Great Pyramid. The first floor of
the museum takes the visitor through visuals, photographs and writings on the
process of excavating and restoring the felucca. The ditch where the main
felucca was found is incorporated into the museum ground floor design. To see
the restored felucca,the visitor must climb a staircase leading to the second
floor. Floor to ceiling windows allow for much sunlight and the wooden walkway
takes the visitor around the felucca where the visitor can get a close view of
its impressive size- 143 feet long (44m) and 19.5 feet wide (6m).