The Church of the Virgin Mary in Harat Zuwaila (also Haret Zuweila) is
a Coptic church located in the district of Haret Zuweila, which lies near the
Fatimid section of Cairo. It is the oldest church in this section of Cairo,
dating back to, probably, the 10th century AD. This church holds an important
historical value, as it was the seat of the Coptic Orthodox Pope of Alexandria
from 1400 to 1520.
This church holds a great value in its architecture and its items. Like
other churches of the same period in Egypt, this church was rebuilt and
remodeled more than once. Today, The church measures 28 by 19 metres and has a
height of 11.5 metres.
Architecturally, the church of Haret Zuwaila includes most of the main
features typical of Coptic churches. It has a floor plan that consists of a
narthex (forecourt), a nave surrounded by two side aisles on its sides, and a
choir with three sanctuaries. The two aisles and the nave are separated from
the narthex by three rows of marble Corinthian columns. There is also a
beautiful painting of The Last Supper affixed on a beam across the choir. The
Iconostasis of the church is of a remarkable beauty. It is made of ebony and
inlaid with ivory, and is surmounted by thirteen icons of the Virgin Mary and
the Twelve Apostles. The church contains a well, which its waters are believed
to have healing qualities. This well’s water, according to tradition, was
blessed by Jesus during the Holy Family’s flight in Egypt. The well lies on a
floor before a beautiful ebony inlaid door, which dates to the Fatimid period,
and leads to the southern sanctuary, which is dedicated to the angel Gabriel.
The east side of the northern aisle has two sanctuaries whose screens are
inlaid with ivory, where one of them is dedicated to the archangel Michael and
the other to John the Baptist. The church is filled with lots of beautiful
imagery and icons dating back to different centuries, which are part of the
richness and value of the church.